Carbureter for explosive-engines.



LF. ABBRNETHY.

GRBURETER FOR EXPLQSIVB ENGINES.

PPLIUATION EILED MAY 2,1003.

'" P my@ Paented Deo. 15, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

E. F. ABERNETHY.

CARBURETIER PoR EXPLOSWB ENGINES.

APFLIOATION FILED MAY 2, 1903. i n r M Patentad Dec. lo, MUS

2 SHEETS-SHEE'L' 2.

W/TNESSES! EDWN F. ABERNEIHY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO GEORGE H. ABERNETHY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

CARBURETER FOR EXPLOSIVE-ENGINES.

no. wenn.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 15, 190e.

To all whom it may concern:

Be i'" known that l, EDWIN F. Aimizxn'riir, a citizen of the United States, and a resiv dent of the city ot New York, borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State otl New York, have invented a new and lmprpoved Carbureter ilfor `Explosive Engines, or Winch the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

lily invention relates to improvements in carbureters especially adapted for use in connection with explosive engines, and one object that l have in view is the provision of a simple contrivance which is reliable, certain and positive in action under all conditions of service.

A further object is to make the carburetor automatic in service, so that when once adjusted 0r set it requires no further attention on the part of the engineer.

further object is to provide means for regulating the t'uel supply to compensate for variations in the quality or grade 01Ll the particular luel employed, thereby securing the best resulte irrespective ot the kind of fuel.

.A further object is to make the carburoter deliver the saine quality of mixture irrespective ot the load or speed of the engine.

rllhe improved device acts in a way to control the speed of the engine, by regulating the volume ot' vapor through the agency ot' a valve or governor on the pipe leading from the (au'bnreter to the engine, so that 'the speed ot the latter may be controlled by increasing or diminishing the amount of the carbureted vapor admitted to the cngine, thus regulating the torce ot' the explosion.

Further objects and advantages ot the invention will appear in the couree ot the subjoined deem-iption, and the novelty will be defined by the annexed claims.

lieferei'ice is to be had to the accompanyig dra.vinge1 :forming a` part otl this spccili cation, in which similar characters of ret"i erence indicate corresponding parts in all the iigures.

Figure l is n vertical sectional elevation through a carburetor constructed in accordY ance with my invention. and illustrating the parts in their closed positions, the plane ot t; e section being indicated by the dotted line -l of Fig. 3;

the parts in their opened positions; and Fie. 2l is a transverse section on the line 33 of Fig. il.

ln the embodiment of the invention shown by the drawings, the casing oit the carburet'er is provided with an internal shell 6, which is joined to the external casing in a way to produce a chamber 7 for the circulation of a heating medium, the latter being supplied to this chamber during cold Weather; but the circulating chamber is not essential and may be omitted or employed, at will.

The -aeing is provided in its upper part 'with a delivery chamber S, trom which leads a pipo t) adapted to carry thc carbnreted vapor ol the Suction inlet olf an explosive cngine, Said (':hamher S thus serving as the suction chamber olthc carburetor. .kt the lower partl oi' Said casing 5 is'hn air inlet chamber it), having an air inlet ll open to the atmosphere. 'l`ho circulating chamber 7 is adapt'- ed to be supplied with a heating medium, such as hotv water, by a pipe 1:2 communicating with the lower part ol' said chamber 7, and from the upper part ol' this chamber leads a return pipe lil, the pipes l2, lill bcing disposed on opposite sides o t the chamber T to provide lor the circulation of the l `ating medium through Said chamber.

Between the chamber of thc internal shell t3 and the air chamber l0, is arranged a hatlle plate l l, which may he au integral part oit the casing or attached thereto in a suitable \vay. Said batlle plate pret.- erahlyv et' concavo-convex form in cross tion, and it has a plurality ol" air perforar tionsl l5, and a short npetanding nipple 1U, the latter being centrally disposed with relation to the baille plate and to the axis of the carhureter. luel inlety pipe l? pasScs through the air chamber lt) and the nipple it ot' the. baille plate l-l, thc upper extrcmit)v oli this luel inlet pipe terminating at a point above the nipple 1G and Vforming a valve scat "LHK The internal Ishell (3 oit.' the carburetor ac.- connnodates a hollow valve adapt-ed to he lil'ted a limited distance hy the suction croated through thtA chamber S. from the cn gine which is to be supplied with the carhnreted vapor produced by the operation oit' the apparatus, the said valve bring shown Qis a similar view of as consisting ol a hollow cylindrical shell tionchamber 8.

19 and a head 20. The shell 19 of said hollow valve is equalin lengthto the internal shell 6 of'the carbureter casing, and i,

of, the carbureter casing, but it is free to have a slidable movement therein in a vertical direction. The lowerend of the cylindrical shell 19 forming part of the hollow valve, vis adapted in the lowered posi-' tion of said valve to rest upon the baille plate 14,. which limits the movement of said valve iin a downward direction, and in this normal, closed position of said cylindrical Valve'shell, the' head 2O thereof "lies flush with the bottom of the suction chamber 8..

The lshell 1.9 of the hollow valve is provided with a plurality of ports 21, which are shown in the form off'elongated slots disposed near the upper part of the valve shell below the head 20, and these ports are adapted to be closed by the internal easing 6 when the valve isin its normal lowered position, thus cutting off the passage of air or .vapor from the valve into the suc- From this description it will be seen that the cylindrical shell 19 of the hollow valve is open at its lower` end and closed at its upper end by the head 20, and this valve is normally pressed to its closed position by the energy of a coiled spring ,22. The head 20 o'f the hollow valve is provided with a collar or with suitable lugs, indicated at 23, and one end of the spring 22 rests on this collar 23while" the other end of said spring is seated against the top plate of the carbureter which closes the suction chamber 8,.

24 designates a vertical stationary tube which is arranged centrally within the carbureter casing and 'the hollow valve therein,

- said tube being secured in any suitable way at its lower end to the nipple 16 of the baflie plate 14, this constructionv serving to maintain the tube 24 in a stationary position. The upper end of this tube 24 is equipped with a spreading or diffusing plate 25, which is concave-convex in cross section and pro vided with a plurality of.transverse ports, 2G. The diameter of this diffusing plate is somewhat less' thainthe internal diameter of the shell 19 forming a'part of'the hollow valve, and said diffusing plate is arranged in a reverse position to the baille plate 14 at the bottom of said hollow valve. The convex face of the diffusing plate 25 ig. presented ,path of air as it .flows through the plate, for

into thestationary tube2-i for a suitable distance, the lower end of said guide tube terminating above the valvefseatl on the up peiextremity of the fuel inlet pipe17. The upper end of this guide tube 27 is foimcd with an external head 28, and around this guide tube is coiled 'the spring -22 which acts against the hollow valve to normally force it to a closed position. lVithin the guide tube 27 is arranged an internal regulating tube 29, the latter being movable with the guide tube 27 and with the head 20 of the suction valve, but this internal regulating tube is capable of a limited adjustment in an endwise direction within the guide tube, for the purpose of varying the eden-tive area of certain 'fuel egress ports which are provided in the concentric tubes 27, 29.

" The guide tube 27 is internally threaded at its lower extremity, as at 30, and into vthis tube is screwed a short length of tubing 31, the latter being thus attached rigidly to the. guide tube 27 and adapted to occupy the valve seat 18 on the upper extremity of the tube 17 thus constituting a valve which, in connection with the needle valve 32, serves as the means for cutting off the inliowof liquid fuel from the pipe 17 into the lower part of the stationary tube 211. The needle valve 32 is in the form of a tapering piece of metal which is secured rigidly in the lower end of the tubular valve 31, in a position to project below said tubular valve and into the fuel inlet pipe 17, said needle valve serving to close the upper end of said pipe in a plug-like manner and thereby choke off the escape of fuel from said pipe 17. The valve tube 231 is movable in an upward direction with the tubes 27, 29, and in its upward movement said valve tube 31 is lifted awayfrom the seat 1S, and it serves as the means for raising the needle valve 32 for the purpose of partially withdrawing said valve from the pipe 17, thus opening a passage for the How' of a 1Timited volume of fuel from said' pipe 17 into the space 233 between the lower part of the stationary tubey 24 and the tubular valve 3l. rlhis tubular valve 3l is provided with a return port 34- at a point above the needle valve 1K2, said port- ?34 permitting the fuel to pass from the chamber 33 Y preferzthly in inclined positions, as Shown hy S. l. und L); although the, pnrtieulur nninher of slots is not essential. The `tuel Slots of the guide tuhe t?? register or eoincile with the slots Btl ot' the regulating tube 29, Said Slotl being of equal length when the tuhe Q9 is lowered Within the tuhe 2T to halve abuttingenneigement `with tho vulve ill, ne shown by llig. 1.

The n 'en ot' 'the slots through which the liquid fuel maken its exit troni the tuhes; Q7. 29, nniy he vnrieil bv znljunting the tube 22 in nn entlwiso lireetion within the tube 2T, unil tine entlwise movement oi" the regulutine; tube is e'il'eeteil h v niezuu: ot' :i nut 3S, which screwed on n threntlcil upper portion ot the t'uhe 2t), unfl` is nrrungfetl to h lur on or be Seated against the head 2S oi" the `uitte tu'ot` 27. juin-nin. 39 is sereweil ou the upper threntleil portion of the regulatingy tuhe 2), to have engagement with the nut itl :intl prevent accidentel rotetion of finiti nut 38 tluring the operntien ot the engine :unl the niovf ing' parte of the enrhureter.

The regulating tnhe Qt) is provided, in utll dition t'o the slote lilo, with t-rnnsverse slots 40, through whitrh prinses u pin or holt 11, which also pushes throu, ;h the. ,quitte tuhe 27 und through the Coller or lugs )Jl ol1 the hollow rive. This pin or holt. Serves to inzilo the tube fest. with the heini of sont hollow valve, in ortler that s niil t'uhe will Slide with the vulve. ',lhe regulatingr tuhe 2t) atlupterl to slide with the tube 2T :unl the hollow vulve, hermine-e. the nut 3S engages with the heed E28 of Suid tuhe 2?, ,finti thus the hollow vaive enti the concentric tubes 27, 29, will ees 11, l? muninunicnte. with e.

lv :intl with :i 'Source oi fuel Supply 2 it' tieni' fl, the pipes-12, il nn'iunicsite with ineens for supplying er to the rirtlnln'tirg elinniher 7, thus temperniure ot the curlnireter to esiretl point during;` colti weather, hut oher monate" the year the circulating nn may he eut ott' 'troni eoniinunicntion i i Snitl channl'ier 'i'. The fuel stands in the pipe 1 7 ready to enter the chznnher '82) when the hollow valve, the tuhes 2T, 29, the tnh'uler valve 3l, :unl the needle vulve. 552 are l'i'ftefl, this operation of raising nitl perte the t rhureter is connected with 'the Sueon inleY et en explo: ve engine, while the Source oit l being eti'eetefl hy the Suction crentetl h ythe i operution of the engine, through the chutnl her 5%, on the hollow vulve. The upper ende t ot` the ports 2&5, :'36 iu the tubes 2T, QS), terl minute helow the upper cnil ol3 the Stntionnry l tuhe exuctl'vv the suine tlitstunce that the l lotn 2l terniinut'e helow the shoulder foi-ined int: the hottoiu ot the rnuetion clunuher tl. l When the hollow vulve is rniseil, the ports l 21 :iro li'tteil ubove ythe hotioin o'' the Suction l chinnher, :unl the vulves ill, $32 nre littctl i own): troni the sent lo' :unl the pipe 1T, so t thutliqnitl fuel will puss into the chznnher f .'l :nn'l through the `slot linto the tubes i il 2t. ',l`he elevntion ot' the tuben 37, 2f i hrin-,ge4 the upper curls o't tht` slots 35, 3V l nhove the enfl ot the stutionur)Y tube unil l the ili'tl'using plute no that` oil will spread l itsel't' over sont tlitl'unin;r plnte. On the openl ing; ol the hollow 'valve the nir is free to pass i in thin lst'reuins through the perl'orutions in the platte ll unil throughl the hollow vulve tlill'uaingpluto 25, the. nir uniltingy its; eocnpe through the Islots 2i into the suction chzunber 8, troni whence the cnrburetetl vnpor posses through the pipe 5l to the suction inlet olI the engine. `vvhcn the. suction i'roin the engine is closed, the spring' 22 becoinesetfect'- ive in loweringr the hollow vulve, the tubes 27, 2t), :unl tho vulvebv ill, 32, to their closed positions, thu cutting oli' the punstnge ot" nir through the slots il ot the hollow vulve, nnilting the neellle vulve 3&2 plug up the pipe 1T und 't'orciug the, tn'oulur vulve 31v to its sent. l5 on the inletl pipe.

rllhc @lenient .'52 ot' the inurn't'ived mrhureter selves u peculiar purpose in the ope'rution of the device. This element` 32 Yfor n, part ot' vit@ length, anni is cylindrical for the reniniinler of itin` length, :intl said elo nient ,is fslidnbly tittetl in the fuel inlet pipe 17 which is o'lt annular shupe in .:roSS-Section. rlhe elenientor vulve 32 is controllable hy the movement of the suction-operated valve il), und when seid ve 19 is raised to its open position, tho @lenient or inelnloer 232 is corresponilingi)Y 'mined so :is to partly witlnlrnw it troni the eirculur t'uel inlety pipe hetweeu thi;l pipe :intl the topering nieinher 3f? for the. ,flow ot fuel zioni saliti wipe into l the :stationary tuhe 33, ot' the device. rlhe l ei'nlxvisie movement of the ineinher varies l accordingto the. extent ot lifting nieve` i nient of the Emotion vnlve i9, :intl the osc-A seetionnl aren ot' the tuel posseggo provided hy und between the tuel inlet pipe 17 and the vulve i2 is thit'erinineil hy the envent ot lifting movement oi the ineinher 32, :intl is l proportioneel to the eren oi: the porte,` tornietl t h v the slothy in the suction vulve The nieinher 32 Serve.' ne n choke-ott' which cooperates with the fuel inlet. and :is e regule,- i tor to determine the erin' of the fuel pasis t-nperetl sage and consequently the volume offuel admitted to the carbureter, but the fuel inlet` valve proper is formed by the seat face 1S at the upper extremity of the inlet pipe i7, with the choke-off and regulating` valve 32, and with the suction-operated valve 19.

A peculiarity of the invention resides in the conjoint operation of the air valve and the fuel valve to secure a fixed and predetermined proportion of the quantity of fuel to the quantity of air so as to secure a uniform grade or quality of .mixture under varying conditions of load or speed of the engine. It is Well known to those skilled in the art that ordinary carbureters employ a fuel valve which opens a predetermined distance rto admit a certain invariable quantity of fuel under any. and all conditions of load or speed ofthe engine, that is whether the engine is running at fast or slow speed; and furthermore, such fuel valves are .not of themselves capable of regulatingtheir movement so as to eifect the desired increase or decrease in the volume of fuel anfl thereby automatically establish an increase or decrease in the quantity of fuel proportionately to a variation in the area of the air opening or port due to the operation of the air valve under the suction created by the movement of the engine-piston.

v Under slow speed, the suction of the piston does not move the air valve to a full opened position, while under high speed, the air valve is opened Wider and acts with increased speed. It is found in the use of my carbureter that under high or slow speed conditions, the volume of air admitted byl the air valve is substantially the same, because whtAL the valve opens and closes quickly the air passes through the carburetor at increased speed due to the variation in the strength of the suction creatcd by the engine piston.

As hereinbefore indicated, the fuel-valve l of an i ordinary carburetor becomes wide open` when the air valve is opened a short distance to admit a small volume of air under slow speed conditions, but when high speed prevails, the air valve is opened w1der to admit a larger volume oi' arr without, however, admitting a larger quantity of fuel because the fuel valve is opened its full distance under slow speed ooiulitions as well as under high speed conditions, hencel the same amount of fuel is admitted at all times without regard to the speed, and therefore, under high speed conditions, a weaker mixture is admitted to the engine cylinder.

ln my rarbin'eter, the area of the fuelportis always proportionate to the area of the air port, h nce an increasev or decrease in the volume of the air admitted secures it co1'- responding iucreaseor decrease in the admission of the ''LLL whereby a nii'lorni quality and by the tube 3l which is movable,

eoaeri or grade of the combustible vapor is supplied to the engine. lt/is to be noted that under low-speed conditions, the air valve and the fuel valve are each opened a limited distance to secure a mixture of a certain grade or richness, but as the strength of the suction increases due to higher speed of the i engine, the air valve is lifted higher to expose a greater area of the air port, and the movement of the fuel valve is correspondingly increased to enlarge the fuel port, ,I

thereby increasing the area of the fuel port proportionately.to an increase in the area of the air port, to secure the uniform grade or quality of mixture under variations in the speed of the engine. f

he improved carbureter is susceptible of regulation manually to secure the desired regulation of the fuel in proportion to the air, for the purpose of changing the quality or grade of the mixture as may be desired.

Although the needle valve, 32, and the tubuy lar valve 3l, operate in unison with the air valve so as to be controllable directly thereby, to admit a certain quantity of air proportionately to the volume of fuel When the two valves are opened, still the quantity of,

fuel supplied to the suction chamber of the carburcter through the ports 1n 'the concentric tubes, 27, 2t), may be varied or regulated to a nicety by the adjustment of thetube, 27,.

with respect to the tube, 29, so as to vary the area of the fuel port or outlet formed by the coincident ports in the two tubes. It is evident that the tube, 27, may be raised with respect tothe tube, 29, so as to increase the arca of the fuel outlet formedl by the ports in the two tubes when the air valve and the two fuel valves, 3l, 32, are opened; but by hiwering the tube 27, with respect to the lube, 2), the area of the fuel outlet formed by llie ports in the two tubes may be decreased when the air and fuel Valves are opened. Uf course, this relative adjustment of the two tubes, 27, 29, should .be eilected by hand through thc medium of the nut, 3S, but after the parts shall have been once adjusted, the two tubes 2'4", 29, work or slide together so as to preserve or'maintain their adiusted relation and cooperate one with the other in admittingr the fuel from the valves,

ill, 232, to the chamber of the carbureter.

'lhe pipe E) which leads from the suction chamber of tho carbnreter to the engine is supplied with a valve or governor which mal-:es the carburetor act in a way to regulate ihrx speed of the engine, because said valve or governor may be adjusted to increase or diminish the volume ot' carbureted vapor which may pass to the engineythus regulating the force of the explosion and cll'ectin';Y a regulation in the speed of thc cngine. My carburetor may be used with either a 'liquid furl, or l may supply illuminatingy or natural gas lo said carbureter by simply using a larger valve. The carbureter is positive and reliable in its action, because it not affected by the rollingof a marine vessel in which the engine may be installed, nor by the jolting of the vehicle on which the engine is mounted. The apparatus acts as a thorouigrhly reliable and positive automatic mixer and speed controller.

'lhe adjusting nut, 38, may be held from movement away from the head, 25, by any suitable forni of stop device such as the headed pins, -l-l, which are attached to the head, 2S, and are adapted to engage with a footilange on said adjusting nut. When he nut, 38, is turned to the right on the threaded tube, 29, it bears on the head, 25, and thus4 raises the regulating tube 29; but when the nut is turned 'to the left, the headed pins, t3, hold the nut against movement away from the head, 28, and thus the nut serves to lower the regulating tube, 2l).

It is to be imderstood from the foregoing description taken in connection with the drawings that my carburetor embodies two kinds of valves adapted for the regulation of the fuel supply, together with an air valve or suction dperated element that is acted on by the inrnsh of air due to the vacuum created by the suction from the engine, thus melting three valves in one device. 0f these three valves, two control and regulate the fuel, one being actuated automatically by the third valve and the second being con trollable at Will to vary the quantity of fuel admitted by the ooeninr movement of the first valve. Une of the two fuel valves may be designated as the ont olf valve, although it also serves the function as an automatic regulating,` valve, and the other as a tubular or pist-on valve in order to distinguish them one from the other; but said Valves perform dillerent functions, although both are used in the saine organization of elements to pro-A duce what l regard as a superior type of carbureter.

The cutoff valve just referred to performs the function of primarily cutting olf the inlet of fuel and the further function of regulating automatically the quantity of fuel proportionately to the volume of air admitted at each opening movement of the air valve; said cut-off valve comprising, in the example shown by the drawings, the fuel passage 17, the seat 18, the valve tube 31, and the tapering plug or needle, 32. The action of this needle or plug has been heretofore explained 'in so far as it serves to regulate the area of the throat or passage in the'fuel inlet according to the area of the air passage, but there is a further peculiar feature of this valve to which it is desired to invite. attention, the same consisting in the faotthat the travel of the needle, 32, in the inlet, 17, is equal to the travel or the an' valve, so that any increase or decrease in the area of the air passage is effective in securing a like increase or decrease in the tra-vel of the needle and a consequent increase or dccreasevin the area of the fuel passage or throat; said needle valve being not withdrawn fully from the passage, 17, under an extreme or abnormal opening movement of the air valve.

The tubular or piston valve just referred to consists of 'the tubes 2T, 29, and a suitable means, such as the nut, 38, for giving a limited endwise adjustment to the Lube, 27, with respect to the tube, 22), for the purpose of eil'eeting` a variation in the fuel port formed by the registering openings of the tubes. fl'his tubular or piston valve is capable of adjustment manually for etl'ecting a variation in the quantity of fuel that passes or is admitted by the cut-oil' valve to the path of the air, said tubular or piston-valve beiincr effective in regulating the fuel subsequently to the operation of the cut-olf valve, and the said tubular or piston-valve operating in unison with the movement of ihc air valve and of the cut-oil' valve so as to admit the predetermined quantity of fuel to the path of the air, whereby an increase or decrease in the quantity of fuell supplied by the cutoil'I valve and demanded by a proportionate increase or decrease in the air supply, is subsequently regulatable by a manual adjustv ment, at any proper interval of time, of the tubular or piston valve. This tubular or piston valve, however, is responsive in itsaction to the increase of fuel demanded by the air supply because the two fuel valves operalc synchronously to govern and control, both automatically and manually, the volunie of fuel admitted to the carbureter.

lt should be observed that the tubular or piston valve is opened at the same time the cut-olf valve is opened, and by the opera tion of the suction-operated element or air valve; and said tubular piston valve remains open for such a period as will permit the passage of fuel from the cnt-oil' valve to the spreader, because the openings in the tubes remain in register until the cut-off valve .and the air valve are nearly seated. Y

' Having thus described my invention, l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. A carburetor comprising;- a casing` liaving a suction chamber, an inlet pipe, a howllow valve open at one end for the free admission of air, closed at the other end and provided with exit ports in its shell or body, said valve being slidable in the casing and normally occupying' a position wherein its porls are mil ollA from communication with the said sui-,lion chamber, means for spreadiupr fuel through said hollow valve, and moans controllable by the movement of said valve for opening and closing said inlet pipe.

2. ik carburetor comprising a easing hav ing a suction chamber, ahollovv valve mounted for slidable movement in said casing and `having a plurality of ports which are normally cut off from communication With said suction chamber, means for spreading fuel through said hollow valve, a fuel inlet pipe, concentric tubes one of which is movable with the valve and 'forminga fuel eduction passage from the inlet -pipe to the fuel spreading means, anda valve controllable by the movement of said hollow valve for opening and closing said inlet pipe.

3. A carbureter comprising a casing having a suction chamber, a hollow slotted valve slid'a-ble in said casing, means .for supplying fuel to the chamber of said valve and spreading it through said valve, concentric tubes having coincident ports and adjustable With relation to one another to vary the effective area of the fuel-outlet formed by said ports, and an inlet regulating valve controllable by the movement of said hollow valve for opening and closing said inlet pipe.

Il. A carbureter comprising a casing having a suction chamber, an air valve therein,

`a stationary tube having a fuel vcli'using plate, a fuel inlet pipe arranged to discharge into said stationary tube, a tube movable with, said air valve, and a fuel-controlling valve actuated by said tube and arranged to open and close the inlet pipe. l

5. A carbureter comprising a casing having a suction chamber, a suction-operated yair valve, a stationary tube having a spreader, concentric tubes having ports in registration.

With one another andl fitted Within vsaid stationary tube, a fuel inlet arranged to discharge Within the concentric tubes, `and means connecting said concentric tubes with said air .valve to insure simultaneous movement of the parts.

6. A carbureter comprising a casing having a suction chamber, a valve therein, a stationary tube having a spreader, a guide tube' attached to said valve and fitted slidably in the stationary tube, a regulating tubo fitted Within said guide tube for movement therewith, said guide tube and regulating tube being concentric and having coincidentports, means for moving the regulating tubel relatively to the guide tube, a fuel inlet arranged to discharge Within said concentric tubes, and a fuel valve controllable by the movement of said air valve.

7 A carbureter comprisinga casing having a suction chamber, an air valve in said Casing, abaliie plate having air ports in communication with said air valve, a perfo-- rated spreader stationary Within said hollowvalve, concentric tubes movable with said hollow valve and provided with coincident ports, a fuel inlet arranged to supply fuel Withinfsaid concentric tubes, means for ad justing oneof said tubes with relation to the other tube, and a fuel valve controllable by the movement of the air valve.

8. A carbureter comprising ya casing havV ing a suction chamber, an air valve in said casing, a stationary .tube 'having a spreader, a gui-de tube attached to the air valve and provided with a head and with ports, a regulating tube having ports and fitted in said guide tube for its ports to register With the ports in said guide tube, an adjusting nut screwed on the regulating tube andbearing -on the head of the 'guide tube, a fuel inlet 'pipe adapted to communicate With said tubes, and a fuel valve controllable by the movement of the air valve.

9. A carbureter comprising a casing hav- .ing a suction Chamber, an air valve therein, a fuel inlet pipe having a valve seat, a stationary tube having a spreader said tube bheing adapted for communication with said inlet pipe, a guide tube movable With said hollow valve, a regulating tube adjustable Within the guide tube, a valve tubeattached to the guide tube and adapted to occupy the seat, and a needle valve attached to the tubular valve and fitted Within the fuel pipe.

l0. In a carburetor, the combination with a vapor valve, of a stationary tube, concentric tubes having ports, a fuel inlet arranged to discharge Within the concentric tubes, means for limiting the inner tube to slidable movement, means for adjusting the innertube endwise within the tube surrounding the same and varying the effective area of the fuel outlet by changing the relation of the ports in the .concentric tubes, and a fuel valve.

1l. A carbureter having a fuel inlet, a tapering choke-off and regulating valve slidable in the fuel inlet to variable positions therein and adapted to produce a fuel passage which varies in area according to the partial Withdrawal movement of said valve, a valve seat around the fuel inlet, a tubular cut-off movable With said tapering valve and adapted to said surrounding valve seat, and a suction cont-rolled member having operative connection With said tubular cut-off and With the tapering regulating valve for automatically moving the two simultaneously.

12. A carbureter comprising a casing, a suction-operated member therein, and a tubular valve controllable by said member and constituting a fuel passage to said cas-` ing, said tubular valvevhaving a member adapted for adjustment to regulate the fuel admitted thereby to said casing. j

13, A carbureter comprising a casing, a suction --operatedr member, and a tubular valve 'adapted to be opened 4and closed by said member, said valve comprising aplulrality'of members and adapted ,for adjusting; move-nient given uutoinntieullyT thereto by the Suction-operated nien'ibei.

lli. il eni'buietei' having n arising' provided with :in niiinlet, n vulve controlling the puesngfe o" uit' through Suid easing', n fuel vulve, und nien'ne` etun'ieeiing Suid uit' vulve und Suid 'fuel vulve und operating in uniion therewith, Suid ineens beine' adapted for ndjustment independently ofthe operation of the fuel 'vulve for regulating' the quuntity ot' 'fuel ndn'iitted to the. easing irrespective ot' the prei'letei'inined quantity admitted by the ituel valve when opened.

l5. A euibui'etei' having n easing, :in air valve adapted to be opened by u suction (ii-nit through the easing, n tuel vulve eontrollable by. the nii' vulve und having nn openii'ig niovenient pronortionutely to n similar inofen'ient of Suid nii vulve undei variations in the speed or loud of un engine, und unotnei' tuel vulve operating in unison with the fuel-telve, ,seid lust mentioned 'valve being 1e ;'ulu.t1:ible independeiuly of its,` niovenient with Suid t'uel vulve.

l5. it carburetor huving n easing' provided with n :niction eonneetion, un nii' vulve in Suid easing; und opex'nble by a Sue-tion draft tl'iei'etln'ough, n. 'tuel Valve, und n tubulin" fuel v nlif'e between the two vulves for op ei'ziting sind 'fuel vulve, snid tubuln1 'Valve being ndjustnble for. regulating the quantity ot' 'fuel admitted to the easing.

l?. cnibui'etei' hei/ing 'n easing provided with n suction connection, am eil' vnh'e in Suid easing, n 'luel valve, and n, tuluihn t'uel vulve between the two nierei'nentioneil vulves 'tui' nuten'mtienlly eon'tiolv ling the fuel 'vulve by the movement ofthe nir vulve, .seid tubulin' 'mlvebeing adinet able inde'ieiulently of the travel given there to with the nii Valve by the operation ot' :i Suction draft through the easing.

18. A earbuieter having :i easing provided with n suction Connection, :tn nire valve in Suid eusinf, n, ent-oil' vulve eontrellnble uutonnitiunlly by the nii' vulve, and n tabulati' fuel vulve bet "een the two 'Valves und 30nti'ollnble with the eut-blt 'vulve by' the .moveinent of the :iii' Ruhe, said tubulnl fuel valve being malins-bilde ii'ulepi-rndently of the moveinentgiven tbei'eto by the t'ipention of s, suction tli'ul't through the easing en the air vulve.

it). A enrbuletei having n easing; provided with n suction connection and with un uit' inlet, un nir vulve sented in said casiugjl between the suction connection und the nir inlet, u eut-olf fuel vulve, n Sgreadei independent of the two VnlveS, and u tubular wlw ton tituting un operative connection between the nii' vulve und the onheil' vnl-Ve und producing; :i 'fuel ,mseig'e lfynzn u t'uel inlet to :will Spreu-lei'.

Q0. liuf eonxbinnthrn of in nii valve, n 'uel inlet, und tubulin' vulve tot' cutting otl" the inflow ol 'luel tioin Suid inlet, Snid tubulin' vnlve buying- :i plurality et' eoneent'i'ie 'luel tubeS provided with muts, Suid tubes being movable with the nii' vulve, und one of the tubes being adjustable with respect' to the other tube toiregulatingA the ul'eu olj the luel outlet iii-oni the tubului vulve into the eni'bulet'ei'.

2l. The eonibiinitiou o't` u easing', nn nii' vulve, :i eutfoll vulve, und n tubulni` vulve forming u fuel pnssuge 't'l'oni the inlet to the easing'. Suid tububn' vulve consistingv ot tubes whieh ui'e provided with ports und one o1" the. tubes,` being;` zuljustnble to vzu'y the ni'ezt ot' the tuel outlet produi-ed by Huid ports.

22. The eonibinntion o't' n easing', :1n niil vulve, n fuel inlet, u tubului' vulve tol'niing u pnssugje 'from the i'uel inlet to the easing' und eontrollnble by' the uit' vulve. und n tapering choke-oil movable in the t'uel inlet :1nd operating in unison with the tubului y'ulve.

23. The combination olf nn nii' vulve, n vfuel inlet, und :i lubulni' vulve forming' n fuel pussnge leau'lings 'l'i'oiu Suid inlety to the casing' Said tubulniv valve uonnnising :i plu inlity of t1ibes,'one of whieh 'is adjustable passage.

24;. The eoinl'iinnt-ion nf n easing, :in nii' valve, n, fuel inlet, und eoneentifie fuel tubes forming a tubular vulve with :in ineide liquid pusenge und both tubef being Contiollnble by the :tir vnlvttsnid tubes being;` ielutively udjnstitble for vni'ying the quen-- tity ot' fuel admitted by the inlet.

The eoinbinnton oi n inning, :1y fuel inlet, u suetion-operated element, n stntionery tube, n cut-olf Jfuel vulve, und ndjustuble fuel tubesI pinvided with ports nntl controllable with the eut-nil valve by Suid Suctionoperetecl element..

' :26. The Combination of n (fusing, a` fuel inlet, n einetionbpemted element, u eut-oll valve 't'oi singing said inlet, und 'fuel tubes lit-ving ports und controllable with Suid cutoli' vulve by huid element, Suid tubes beingtity of 'fuel ndniitted on theopening move ment of the cut-ot`i valve.

27. The een'ibin-.ition ofi" e mining, u fuel inlet, a suction-operated element, t guide tube, und @they tubes `movable in the guide tube by the` operation of said element, Said tubes forming n fuel passage from Suid inlet to said eesing.

inlet, n, stationary tube, n suction opeijated element, n cut-oli' vulve controllable by the element', and adjustable tubes forming n. fuel passage and ndatted to vitry the qnnntity of it'nel admitted to u. chamber by Suid tubes.

The combination of vu easing, u fuel inlet, u cut-o Valve, e Suction-operated elo relatively udjustnlfile for 'varying' the (umn-- 28. The ceinbinntion ort' "e casing, e 'fuel` to very the quuntity ot' tutti zulniitteclby the mentj und adjustable tubes torn'iing a fuel passage. and constituting au operative eo'nnection between the cut-otl'yalve and the suction-operated element,

30. rlhe combination of a casing a fuel inlet, a eut-oit valve, a stationary tube, a

perforated spreader adjacent to said lube',

other tubes forming a fuel passage and an operative connection bet-Ween tbe' Cut-off valve-and tbe suction-operated element, and means for adjusting said last mentioned tubes with relation to one another for vary ing the quantity ot' fuel supplied te the, stationary tube by the inlet.

3l. carbureter buying a :fuel-inlet7 a valve-Seat afljaeent to said tuelfinlet.` a reciproeating Valve adapted to said seam sail valve and said seat having abutting surfaces adapted when engaged for cutting uit' tbe inflow oi fuel, a tapering` member movable with said valve and operating in said fuelinlet for rixgulating aiuouiatieally tbe quantity of l'uel admitted to a chamber of tbe lcaibureterl` and a suctioii-oj'ierated member for rei'ciproeating said *al\`e.

3Q. A oarbureter having a mixing chamber` a tuelunlet7 a suction-operated member in said mixing chamber7 a 'uelwali'e adagted to be operated by said member, regulating means movable with the fuel :tor varjf and fuel i @eeen g tlie quantity of fuel admitted to said mixin clnunber on tbe opening movement fuel. valve.

33. n a carbureter, a casing having a fuel inlet andi an air inlet, an automatic cut-olf vulve eoperating With tbe fuel inlet, and Jfuel regulating means consisting oftubes, one. of which is adjustable relative, to the other. l

311i. ln a carbinieter, a casingV having a fuel inlet and an air inlet, a cut-off for shutting uit tbe luel inlet, means for operating said eut-ott' Valve5 and separate fuel regulating means eonsieting'et' a pluraliity of perforated tubesI` one ot said tubes being adjustable relative te tbe other tube for varying tbe area olftbe fuel port.

Jln earbureter, a casing having an air inlet and aV luel inlet, an automatic fuel cut-oil' valve, a tubular fuel regulating Valve lconsisting ot' a plurality of perforated tubes,

and means lor adjusting one of said tubes relative to the other tube of said tubular valve. v

:in testimony whereof I have signed my naine to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses. Y

EIYWlN F. ABERNETHY; 1lll7itnesses 2 Sno. M. RITTER, ll. BERNHARD. 

